The 2026 financial statement is one of the most important reporting obligations for entrepreneurs who keep accounting books. In practice, it involves preparing and submitting the statement for the year 2025 in accordance with the Accounting Act of 29 September 1994 (consolidated text: Journal of Laws 2023, item 120) and the current requirements for electronic filing. For many entities, this is a complex, multi‑stage process that requires not only proper closing of the books, but also meeting statutory deadlines, fulfilling technical requirements, and ensuring the involvement of individuals responsible on the management side.
Table of Contents
- What Is a Financial Statement and Who Should Prepare It?
- What Does a Financial Statement Contain?
- Deadlines for 2026 Financial Statement
- Electronic Financial Statements 2026 – Form and Signatures
- Where and How to Submit Financial Statement?
- Sanctions for Failure to Submit Financial Statement
- 2026 Financial Statement – Summary
- FAQ – Frequently Asked Questions About 2026 Financial Statement
What Is a Financial Statement and Who Should Prepare It?
A financial statement is a document that presents key financial information about a company’s annual activities. It is prepared for a specific balance sheet date. If the financial year coincides with the calendar year, it means 31 December.
The obligation to prepare financial statements results from the Accounting Act. It concerns:
- entities that have to keep accounting books (e.g. due to their legal form or the value of revenue),
- entities that have voluntarily chosen full accounting,
- capital companies (e.g. limited liability companies, joint-stock companies),
- partnerships (e.g. general partnerships, limited partnerships),
- natural persons running a sole proprietorship registered in the CEIDG*, if they keep accounting books.
The legal form of business activity is not a key factor here. What is important is the method used by the entrepreneur to record revenues and costs.
*The CEIDG stands for Central Register and Information on Economic Activity in Poland. Original name: Centralna Ewidencja i Informacja o Działalności Gospodarczej.
Who Does Not Need to Prepare Financial Statement?
Not every entity registered in the National Court Register must prepare financial statements. The regulations provide for important exceptions in this regard.
General and professional partnerships do not have to prepare financial statements if:
- their net revenues for the previous financial year are lower than 2.5 million EUR, and
- they do not keep accounting books.
Such entities do not submit financial statements. Instead, they file a declaration confirming that annual financial statement is not required. The declaration must be filed with the National Court Register. The deadline is 6 months from the end of the financial year. Only electronic submission is possible via the Court Registers Portal.
Who Is Responsible for Preparing the Financial Statement?
Responsibility for preparing annual financial statements rests with the so-called “head of the entity” within the meaning of the Accounting Act. Depending on the legal form, this includes in particular:
- members of the management board of capital companies,
- partners conducting the company’s affairs in general and civil partnerships,
- general partners in limited partnerships and limited joint-stock partnerships,
- liquidators, receivers or administrators in restructuring and bankruptcy proceedings,
- members of management bodies of other entities specified in the Accounting Act.
This responsibility is personal. It cannot be completely transferred to an accountant or accounting office.
What Does a Financial Statement Contain?
Financial statements are prepared in the Polish language and currency. As a rule, they include:
- a balance sheet showing assets and liabilities at the end of the current and previous financial year,
- a profit and loss account presenting revenues, costs, profits, and losses,
- additional information, including a description of the adopted accounting principles (policies).
The following documents may also be attached to the financial statements, if required:
- a resolution approving the financial statements,
- a resolution on the distribution of profit or coverage of loss,
- a management report,
- an opinion or report of a statutory auditor.
Remember that some entities are subject to mandatory statutory audits. This includes joint-stock companies, banks, and credit unions. The obligation also applies to entities meeting specific employment, asset, or revenue thresholds.
Deadlines for 2026 Financial Statement
The deadlines related to the 2026 financial statement are strictly defined by law.
| Stage | Deadline | Time Basis |
| Preparation of financial statements | by 31 March 2026 | 3 months from the balance sheet date |
| Approval of financial statements | by 30 June 2026 | 6 months from the balance sheet date |
| Filing of financial statements | 15 days from the date of approval | statutory deadline |
The approving body depends on the legal form of the entity. For example, in an LLC and a joint-stock company, it is the general meeting of shareholders.
Electronic Financial Statements 2026 – Form and Signatures
The financial statements are prepared only in electronic form. It must follow the logical structure (XML) specified by the Ministry of Finance. This obligation also applies to organisations not registered in the National Court Register that are CIT taxpayers. For example, foundations or associations.
Financial statements in electronic form are signed by:
- head of the unit,
- a person entrusted with keeping accounting books.
The parties can sign it with a qualified signature, a trusted signature, or a personal signature. In multi-member bodies, one person may sign the document.
This is allowed if declarations from the remaining members are attached.
Where and How to Submit Financial Statement?
The method of filing financial statements depends on the tax and registration status:
- entities entered in the National Court Register [KRS in Poland]submit financial statements via the Court Registers Portal,
- PIT taxpayers keeping accounting books submit financial statements to the Head of the National Revenue Administration,
- CIT taxpayers not entered in the National Court Register submit financial statements to the Head of the National Revenue Administration. The deadline is 15 days from approval.
As a rule, submission to the Financial Documents Repository is free of charge. Yet, in certain cases (e.g. lack of a PESEL number disclosed in the KRS), it is necessary to use a paid procedure.
Sanctions for Failure to Submit Financial Statement
Failure to submit financial statement on time can lead to serious consequences, including:
- a fine or restriction of liberty for the head of the entity,
- initiation of enforcement proceedings by the KRS,
- dissolution of the company and its removal from the register,
- appointment of a court-appointed curator
The regulations do not provide exceptions to liability due to random events. For example, system failures.
2026 Financial Statement – Summary
2026 financial statement is one of the most important formal obligations of entrepreneurs. Proper preparation of documents is crucial. Following deadlines and the correct submission of electronic financial statement helps avoid severe sanctions. It also ensures compliance with applicable legal regulations.
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FAQ – Frequently Asked Questions About 2026 Financial Statement
Do 2026 Financial Statement Concerns Data for 2026?
No. The financial statement includes financial data for the financial year 2025. The term “2026” refers to the year in which the document is drafted, approved, and filed.
Who signs the financial statements in a limited liability company?
At least one member of the management board and the person keeping the accounting books sign the financial statements. Other board members submit declarations confirming compliance with statutory requirements. They can also refuse to submit them.
Does a sole proprietorship have to prepare financial statement?
Yes, but only if the entrepreneur keeps accounting books under the Accounting Act. The legal form itself does not condition the obligation to prepare a report.
Do financial statements always have to be submitted to the National Court Register?
No. They are submitted to the National Court Register only by entities entered in the register. Other taxpayers submit them to the Head of the National Tax Administration.
What is the risk of failing to submit financial statements on time?
Consequences may include a fine or restriction of liberty for management board members. Enforcement proceedings by the KRS are also possible. In extreme cases, there is a risk of dissolution of the company and its removal from the register.
Is the accounting office responsible for the failure to submit financial statements?
No. The statutory responsibility always lies with the head of the entity. Even if accounting services have been entrusted to an external accounting office.